Retour à la liste des publications

Who were the first people in Palestine?

Here a time line

  • Jews arrive in 1200 before Christ.
  • The arabs arrived in 638 after Christ.
Period Approx. Dates Main Peoples Notes
Epipaleolithic ~12,000–9,500 BCE Natufians Semi-settled hunter-gatherers; early stone houses; sites like Jericho.
Neolithic ~9,500–4,500 BCE Early farming communities Domesticated plants & animals; permanent villages.
Chalcolithic (Copper Age) ~4,500–3,300 BCE Proto-Canaanite cultures Copper tools, early trade networks.
Early Bronze Age ~3,300–2,000 BCE Canaanites First city-states (Jericho, Megiddo); Semitic language group.
Middle Bronze Age ~2,000–1,550 BCE Canaanites under Amorite influence Interaction with Egypt & Mesopotamia.
Late Bronze Age ~1,550–1,200 BCE Canaanites under Egyptian control Egyptian garrisons in cities.
Iron Age I ~1,200–1,000 BCE Israelites (hill country), Philistines (coast) Philistines likely Aegean origin; Israelites emerge from Canaanite culture.
Iron Age II ~1,000–586 BCE Israelites, Judahites Kingdoms of Israel & Judah; prophets’ era.
Neo-Babylonian 586–539 BCE Babylonian rulers, local Judeans Jerusalem destroyed, population partly exiled.
Persian Period 539–332 BCE Persian rulers, returning Judeans Temple rebuilt (Second Temple period begins).
Hellenistic Period 332–63 BCE Greeks, local Semitic peoples Alexander the Great’s conquest; Seleucids & Ptolemies.
Roman Period 63 BCE–324 CE Romans, Jews, Samaritans, others Herod’s reign; Jewish-Roman wars.
Byzantine Period 324–638 CE Greek-speaking Christians, Jews, Samaritans Christian holy sites built.
Early Islamic Period 638–1099 CE Arab Muslims, Christians, Jews Umayyad & Abbasid rule.
Crusader Period 1099–1291 CE Crusaders (European Christians), Muslims, Jews Kingdom of Jerusalem; conflict & coexistence.
Mamluk Period 1291–1516 CE Arab Muslims, Christians, Jews Trade revival; Islamic scholarship.
Ottoman Period 1516–1917 CE Diverse Ottoman subjects Arabs (Muslim & Christian), Jews, Armenians.
British Mandate 1917–1948 CE Arabs (Muslim & Christian), Jews Tensions rise over land & immigration.
Modern Era 1948–present Palestinians, Israelis Conflict and competing national movements.
       

Ajouter un commentaire